The purpose of this document is to examine, at a high level, the Management and Manpower Planning issues of Air Traffic Management organisations, using a Systems viewpoint. By using a Systems viewpoint, additional clarify and insight may be gained over more traditional view. Change and change management are discussed, together with organisational effectiveness and efficiency. By using a Systems theory approach, the reader is able to move from the real world to a model and back into the real world again, thus offering some degree of confidence to those managers wishing for (contemplating) a time of transit from the current state to some future desired state.