This report is the second in a series in Phase 1 of the Human Error in ATM (HERA)' Project, dealing with how human errors in Air Traffic Management (ATM) can be analysed to improve safety and efficiency in European ATM operations. The purpose of this work is to increase the effectiveness of error recording, analysis and prevention. This report describes the development and application of a framework and technique for analysing human error in ATM incidents. The HERA-JANUS taxonomy is presented for future use.